The Petroleum coke is a black, carbon-rich solid material obtained during the refining of heavy petroleum fractions. It is produced through thermal cracking processes, such as delayed coking, which break down residual oils into lighter products and solid coke. With its high calorific value and energy density, petroleum coke is widely used as a fuel for power plants, cement kilns, and industrial furnaces. It is also an important raw material in metallurgical industries, where calcined petcoke is used to make anodes for aluminum smelting and electrodes for steel production. Petroleum coke contains high carbon content, along with varying levels of sulfur, nitrogen, and trace metals, depending on the crude oil used. Fuel-grade petcoke is burned directly for energy, while calcined coke undergoes further heating to remove volatile components and improve purity for industrial applications. The quality of petroleum coke is measured by sulfur content, ash content, and calorific value, as these factors influence performance and environmental compliance. Although petcoke is cost-effective and abundant, the high sulfur content in some grades requires emission control technologies during combustion. Petcoke’s versatility and availability make it an essential material for energy, metallurgical, and chemical industries, bridging the gap between petroleum refining and industrial applications.